Hospital
Hospital
The hospital derived from the Latin word "Hospitalis" which mean in turn derived from french word "Hospes" that means " a host or a guest".
A hospital is health care institution providing, treatment to patients with specialized staff and equipment.
Hospital are institutions which are mainly designed for care for the sick, injured and well.
Hospital is an institution which treated sick or injured persons and Health person are helped to promote and maintain an optimum level of well- being.
Defination :-
Hospital is an integral part of the social and medical organization, the function of which is provide for the population, complete health care, both curative and preventive whose outpatient services reach out to families and its environment.
* Hospital is also for the training of health worker and biosocial research.
-: Function of Hospital :-
* Patient care
* Diagnosis and treatment of disease
* Out patient services
* Medical and nursing research
* Medical education and training
* Prevention of disease and promotion of health
* Rehabilitation
* Emergency care
-: Classification of Hospital :-
- Length of stay of the patient
- Clinical basic
- Ownership/Control basis
- Objectives
- Size
- Management
- System of medicine
* According to length of stay
The hospital divided according to length of stay of the patient in health care facilities. the hospital divided into Three types.
1. Short stay hospital
2. Acute care hospital
3. Long stay hospital
1. Short stay hopital :- Short staty facilities provide services to patients who are suffering from acute conditions or who have treatment needs that require less than 24 hours of care.
2. Acute care hospital :- Acute care hospital provide care for patients staying more than 24 hours but less than 30 days.
3. Long stay hospital :- Long stay hospital provide facilities include those that offer services to patient with major rehabilitation needs and functional looses caused by chronic disease . The average length of stay extends from 30 days to many years.
* According Ownership
Agencies may be classified as
1. Goverment or public voluntary hospitals,
2. Private Nursing homes
3. Cooperative hospital .
4. voluntary Hospital
1. Goverment or Public Hospital :- These hospital are run by the central or state goverment or local bodies on non commercial lines. These may be general hospitals or specialized hospital. or both.
2. Private Nursing Homes/ Hospital :- These are generally owned by an individual doctor or a group of doctors. They run the hospital or nursing home on a commercial basis.
3. Voluntary Hospital :- These hospital are run by the central goverment and state goverment and public and private funds on a non commercial basis.
4. Corporate Hospital :- These hospitals are public limited companies formed under companies Act. They are run on commercial lines. They can be either general or specialized or both.
* Classification according to Objectives
Agencies may be classified as
1. Teaching cum research Hospitals
2. General Hospital
3. Specialized Hospital
4. Isolation Hospital
1. Teaching cum research Hospitals :- A hospital to which a college is attached for medical/ nursing/ Pharmacy education.
E.g. Alll India institude of medical sciences (AIIMS), New delhi, Post-graduate institute of medical education and research (PGIMER), Chandigarh.
2. General Hospital :- These hospitals provide treatment for common diseases and conditions. They provide medical and nursing care for more than one category of medical discipline such as general medicine, general surgery, Pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology etc.
3. Specialized Hospital :- These hospitals are providing medical and nursing care primarily for only one discipline or a specific disease or condition of one system.
For example :- Tuberculosis, Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Opthalmology, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, Oncology, etc.
4. Isolation Hospital :- This is a hospitals in which the persons suffering from infectious/Communicable diseases requiring isolation from other patients are treated.
* Classification according to Size
These agencies are Classified as
1. Teaching Hospital
2. District Hospital
3. Taluk Hospital
4. Community Health Center ( CHC)
5. Primary Health Center ( PHC )
1. Teaching Hospital :- Teaching Hospital Beds size is 500 beds, strength to be increases according to the number of students.
2. District Hospital:- The district hospital bed size is 200 beds, may be raised upto 300 beds depending upon population.
3. Taluk Hospital :- The taluk hospital bed size is 50 beds, May be raised depending upon populations.
4. Community Health Center ( CHC) :- The CHC bed size is 30 beds hospital or more depending upon needs.
5. Primary Health Center ( PHC ) :- The PHC bed size is 6 beds, may be increased upto 10 depending upon needs.
* Classification According to Management
The agencies are Classified as
1. Union government
2. State Goverment
3. Autonomous Bodies
4. Private Hospital
5. Voluntary Agencies
6. Local bodies
1. Union government :- All hospitals administered by the Union government.
2. State Goverment :- All hospitals administered by the state government.
3. Autonomous Bodies :- Hospitals established under special act of parliament or state legislation funded by the central /state goverment/ Union territory.
Eg. :- AIIMS, New Delhi, PGIMER, Chandigarh, National institute of mental health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru.
4. Private Hospital:- All Private hospitals owned by an individual or by a private organizations.
5. Voluntary Agencies:- All the hospitals operated by a voluntary body/ trust/ Charitable society registered by the appropriate authority under central/ State goverment laws.
Eg.:- Christian Medical college and Hospital, Vellore. (CMC)
6. Local bodies :- All hospitals administered by local bodies municipal corporation, Municipality, Zila Parishad, Panchayat, etc.
* Classification Based of System
1. Allopathic Hospital
2. Ayurvedic Hospital
3. Homeopathic Hospital
4. Unani Hospital
5. Other
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